EXAMINING THE COMPONENTS OF POLICY FORMULATION: INTENDED GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Abstract

Education policy formulation is a critical aspect of national development, particularly in Nigeria, where education plays a pivotal role in addressing socio-economic challenges and fostering sustainable growth. The process of formulating education policies in Nigeria involves several stages, including problem identification, agenda-setting, policy analysis, decision-making, implementation, and evaluation. However, the effectiveness of these policies is often hindered by challenges such as weak institutional frameworks, limited stakeholder engagement, and inconsistent application of expert recommendations. This study employs a qualitative research methodology, using content analysis of policy documents, government reports, and academic literature to examine the key components of education policy formulation in Nigeria. The findings reveal that while Nigeria has well-articulated education policies, implementation gaps and political interference significantly affect outcomes. The study concludes that strengthening institutional capacity, improving stakeholder inclusivity, and enhancing policy evaluation mechanisms are essential for achieving effective education governance. Recommendations include greater transparency in decision-making, increased investment in research-driven policy analysis, and improved monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure sustainable development and policy effectiveness.